July 13

Scotland's King Captured

A lion snared in his own rebellion

William the Lion, King of Scotland, was captured at Alnwick by forces loyal to Henry II of England while participating in the great Revolt of 1173-74. The Scottish king's ambitions to expand his realm southward ended in humiliation. His capture led to the Treaty of Falaise, forcing William to acknowledge English feudal superiority, a bitter pill for a monarch whose reign was Scotland's longest.

George Lewis Was Born

New Orleans jazz found its clarinet voice

In New Orleans, the cradle of jazz, George Lewis was born into the musical traditions that would define his life. A self-taught clarinetist, he spent decades playing in relative obscurity before achieving his highest profile in his later years, when the revival of traditional New Orleans jazz brought his warm, lyrical playing style to appreciative audiences around the world.

Vuoristorata

Vuoristorata, one of the oldest still-operating wooden roller coasters in Europe, is opened at the Linnanmäki amusement park in Helsinki, Finland.